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Compare Peru (2003) - Faroe Islands (2005)

Compare Peru (2003) z Faroe Islands (2005)

 Peru (2003)Faroe Islands (2005)
 PeruFaroe Islands
Administrative divisions 24 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 constitutional province* (provincia constitucional); Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao*, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali


note: some reports indicate that the 24 departments and 1 constitutional province are now being referred to as regions; Peru is implementing a decentralization program whereby these 25 administrative divisions will begin to exercise greater governmental authority over their territories; in November 2002, voters chose their new regional presidents and other regional leaders; the authority that the regional government will exercise has not yet been clearly defined, but it will be devolved to the regions over the course of several years
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 49 municipalities
Age structure 0-14 years: 33.5% (male 4,828,531; female 4,678,008)


15-64 years: 61.5% (male 8,794,799; female 8,689,072)


65 years and over: 5% (male 652,375; female 767,112) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 21.3% (male 4,997/female 4,999)


15-64 years: 64.9% (male 16,120/female 14,360)


65 years and over: 13.8% (male 2,923/female 3,563) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, plantains, coca; poultry, beef, dairy products, wool; fish milk, potatoes, vegetables; sheep; salmon, other fish
Airports 233 (2002) 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 49


over 3,047 m: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 20


1,524 to 2,437 m: 13


914 to 1,523 m: 9


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 184


1,524 to 2,437 m: 23


914 to 1,523 m: 61


under 914 m: 100 (2002)
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Area total: 1,285,220 sq km


land: 1.28 million sq km


water: 5,220 sq km
total: 1,399 sq km


land: 1,399 sq km


water: 0 sq km (some lakes and streams)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Alaska eight times the size of Washington, DC
Background Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by the Spanish conquistadores in 1533. Peruvian independence was declared in 1821, and remaining Spanish forces defeated in 1824. After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980, but experienced economic problems and the growth of a violent insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORI's election in 1990 ushered in a decade that saw a dramatic turnaround in the economy and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity. Nevertheless, the president's increasing reliance on authoritarian measures and an economic slump in the late 1990s generated mounting dissatisfaction with his regime. FUJIMORI won reelection to a third term in the spring of 2000, but international pressure and corruption scandals led to his ouster by Congress in November of that year. A caretaker government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO as the new head of government. The population of the Faroe Islands is largely descended from Viking settlers who arrived in the 9th century. The islands have been connected politically to Denmark since the 14th century. A high degree of self-government was attained in 1948.
Birth rate 22.81 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 13.97 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $10.4 billion


expenditures: $10.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)
revenues: $488 million


expenditures: $484 million, including capital expenditures of $21 million (1999)
Capital Lima Torshavn
Climate varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy
Coastline 2,414 km 1,117 km
Constitution 31 December 1993 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Peru


conventional short form: Peru


local long form: Republica del Peru


local short form: Peru
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Faroe Islands


local long form: none


local short form: Foroyar
Currency nuevo sol (PEN) -
Death rate 5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $29.2 billion (2002 est.) $64 million (1999)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1948
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador John R. DAWSON


embassy: Avenida La Encalada, Cuadra 17s/n, Surco, Lima 33


mailing address: P. O. Box 1995, Lima 1; American Embassy (Lima), APO AA 34031-5000


telephone: [51] (1) 434-3000


FAX: [51] (1) 434-3037
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant)


chancery: 1700 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 833-9860 through 9869


FAX: [1] (202) 659-8124


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Paterson (New Jersey), San Francisco, Washington (DC)
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international Bolivia continues to press Chile and Peru to restore the Atacama corridor ceded to Chile in 1884 because anticipated offshore hydrocarbon resources have not been realized, earlier Faroese proposals for full independence have been deferred; Iceland disputes the Faroe Islands' fisheries median line boundary; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm
Economic aid - recipient $895.1 million (1995) $135 million (annual subsidy from Denmark) (1998)
Economy - overview Thanks to foreign investment and the cooperation between the government and the IMF and World Bank, growth was strong in 1994-97 and inflation was brought under control. In 1998, El Nino's impact on agriculture, the financial crisis in Asia, and instability in Brazilian markets undercut growth. The following year was again lean year for Peru, with the aftermath of El Nino and the Asian financial crisis working its way through the economy. Political instability resulting from the presidential election and FUJIMORI's subsequent departure from office limited growth in 2000. The downturn in the global economy further curtailed growth in 2001. President TOLEDO, who assumed the presidency in July 2001, has been working to reinvigorate the economy and reduce unemployment. Economic growth in 2002 is estimated at 4.8%, led by construction in the retail and gas sectors. The Faroese economy has had a strong performance since 1994, mostly as a result of increasing fish landings and high and stable export prices. Unemployment is minimal and there are signs of labor shortages in several sectors. The positive economic development has helped the Faroese Home Rule Government produce increasing budget surpluses, which in turn has helped to reduce the large public debt, most of it owed to Denmark. However, the total dependence on fishing makes the Faroese economy extremely vulnerable, and the present fishing efforts appear in excess of what is a sustainable level of fishing in the long term. Oil finds close to the Faroese area give hope for deposits in the immediate Faroese area, which may eventually lay the basis for a more diversified economy and thus lessen dependence on Danish economic assistance. Aided by a substantial annual subsidy (15% of GDP) from Denmark, the Faroese have a standard of living not far below the Danes and other Scandinavians.
Electricity - consumption 19.15 billion kWh (2001) 204.6 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 20.59 billion kWh (2001) 220 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 14.5%


hydro: 84.7%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0.8% (2001)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Slaettaratindur 882 m
Environment - current issues deforestation (some the result of illegal logging); overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
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Ethnic groups Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3% Scandinavian
Exchange rates nuevo sol per US dollar - 3.52 (2002), 3.51 (2001), 3.49 (2000), 3.38 (1999), 2.93 (1998) Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002), 8.3228 (2001), 8.0831 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: President Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique (since 28 July 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; additionally two vice presidents are provided for by the constitution, First Vice President Raul DIEZ Canseco (since 28 July 2001) and Second Vice President David WAISMAN (since 28 July 2001)


head of government: President Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique (since 28 July 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; additionally two vice presidents are provided for by the constitution, First Vice President Raul DIEZ Canseco (since 28 July 2001) and Second Vice President David WAISMAN (since 28 July 2001)


note: Prime Minister Carlos FERRERO Costa (since 15 December 2003) does not exercise executive power; this power is in the hands of the president; note - Beatriz MERINO was asked to resign on 12 December 2003 and was replaced by Carlos FERRERO Costa three days later


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; special presidential and congressional elections held 8 April 2001, with runoff election held 3 June 2001; next to be held 9 April 2006


election results: President Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique elected president in runoff election; percent of vote - Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique 53.1%, Alan GARCIA 46.9%
chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Birgit KLEIS, chief administrative officer (since 1 November 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister Joannes EIDESGAARD (since 3 February 2004)


cabinet: Landsstyri appointed by the prime minister


elections: the monarch is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the Faroese Parliament; election last held 20 January 2004 (next to be held no later than January 2008)


election results: Joannes EIDESGAARD elected prime minister; percent of parliamentary vote - NA%


note: coalition of Social Democrats, Union Party, and People's Party
Exports NA (2001) NA
Exports - commodities fish and fish products, gold, copper, zinc, crude petroleum and byproducts, lead, coffee, sugar, cotton fish and fish products 94%, stamps, ships (1999)
Exports - partners US 28.1%, China 10.5%, UK 7%, Switzerland 6.1%, Japan 5.6% (2002) Denmark 33.5%, UK 29.7%, Norway 8.4%, Nigeria 7.2% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), white, and red with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a shield bearing a vicuna, cinchona tree (the source of quinine), and a yellow cornucopia spilling out gold coins, all framed by a green wreath white with a red cross outlined in blue extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted toward the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
GDP purchasing power parity - $138.8 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 10%


industry: 27%


services: 63% (2001 est.)
agriculture: 27%


industry: 11%


services: 62% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $22,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.3% (2002 est.) 10% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 10 00 S, 76 00 W 62 00 N, 7 00 W
Geography - note shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia; a remote slope of Nevado Mismi, a 5,316 m peak, is the ultimate source of the Amazon River archipelago of 17 inhabited islands and one uninhabited island, and a few uninhabited islets; strategically located along important sea lanes in northeastern Atlantic; precipitous terrain limits habitation to small coastal lowlands
Highways total: 72,900 km


paved: 9,331 km


unpaved: 63,569 km (1999 est.)
total: 463 km


paved: 454 km


unpaved: 9 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1.6%


highest 10%: 35.4% (1996)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs until 1996 the world's largest coca leaf producer; emerging opium producer; cultivation of coca in Peru increased by 8% to 36,600 hectares between 2001 and the end of 2002; much of the cocaine base is shipped to neighboring Colombia for processing into cocaine, while finished cocaine is shipped out from Pacific ports to the international drug market; increasing amounts of base and finished cocaine, however, are being moved to Brazil and Bolivia for use in the Southern Cone or transshipped to Europe and Africa -
Imports NA (2001) NA
Imports - commodities machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals machinery and transport equipment 29%, consumer goods 36%, raw materials and semi-manufactures 32%, fuels, fish and salt (1999)
Imports - partners US 26.1%, Chile 7.9%, Spain 5.1%, Colombia 5%, Brazil 4.7%, Venezuela 4.7%, Argentina 4.3% (2002) Denmark 52.8%, Norway 18.3%, Iceland 4.4%, Sweden 4.2% (2004)
Independence 28 July 1821 (from Spain) none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Industrial production growth rate 6.5% (2002 est.) 8% (1999 est.)
Industries mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles, clothing, food processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal fabrication fishing, fish processing, small ship repair and refurbishment, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate total: 36.97 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 42.04 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 31.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 6.24 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.2% (2002 est.) 5.1% (1999)
International organization participation ABEDA, APEC, CAN, ECLAC, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO IMO (associate), NC, NIB, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 10 (2000) -
Irrigated land 11,950 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary) none
Labor force 7.5 million (2000 est.) 24,250 (October 2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, transport, services fishing, fish processing, and manufacturing 33%, construction and private services 33%, public services 34%
Land boundaries total: 5,536 km


border countries: Bolivia 900 km, Brazil 1,560 km, Chile 160 km, Colombia 1,496 km (est.), Ecuador 1,420 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 2.85%


permanent crops: 0.38%


other: 96.77% (1998 est.)
arable land: 2.14%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.86% (2001)
Languages Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara Faroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish
Legal system based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Danish
Legislative branch unicameral Congress of the Republic of Peru or Congreso de la Republica del Peru (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 8 April 2001 (next to be held 9 April 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - Peru Posible 26.3%, APRA 19.7%, Unidad Nacional 13.8%, FIM 11.0%, others 29.2%; seats by party - Peru Posible 47, APRA 28, Unidad Nacional 17, FIM 11, others 17
unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (32 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis from the seven constituencies to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 20 January 2004 (next to be held no later than January 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - Union Party 23.7%, Social Democrats 21.8%, Republican Party 21.7%, People's Party 20.6%, Center Party 5.2%, Independence Party 4.6%; seats by party - Union Party 7, Social Democrats 7, Republican Party 8, People's Party 7, Center Party 2, Independence Party 1


note: election of 2 seats to the Danish Parliament was last held on 8 February 2005 (next to be held February 2009); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 1, People's Party 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 70.88 years


male: 68.45 years


female: 73.43 years (2003 est.)
total population: 79.21 years


male: 75.77 years


female: 82.67 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 90.9%


male: 95.2%


female: 86.8% (2003 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%


note: probably the same as Denmark proper
Location Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador Northern Europe, island group between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Iceland to Norway
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


territorial sea: 200 NM
territorial sea: 3 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 29,470 GRT/45,451 DWT


ships by type: cargo 4, petroleum tanker 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
total: 14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 24,051 GRT/11,998 DWT


by type: cargo 6, container 1, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 2


foreign-owned: 8 (Denmark 2, Germany 1, Iceland 2, Norway 2, United Kingdom 1) (2005)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Military branches Army (Ejercito Peruano), Navy (Marina de Guerra del Peru; includes Naval Air, Marines, and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea del Peru; FAP), National Police (includes General Police, Security Police, and Technical Police) no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1 billion (FY01) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.8% (FY01) NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 7,510,882 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 5,045,619 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 17 years of age (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 281,717 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 28 July (1821) Olaifest (Olavasoka), 29 July
Nationality noun: Peruvian(s)


adjective: Peruvian
noun: Faroese (singular and plural)


adjective: Faroese
Natural hazards earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity NA
Natural resources copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas fish, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate -1.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) 0.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines gas 388 km; oil 1,557 km; refined products 13 km (2003) -
Political parties and leaders Peruvian Aprista Party or PAP [Alan GARCIA]; Independent Moralizing Front or FIM [Fernando OLIVERA Vega]; National Unity (Unidad Nacional) or UN [Lourdes FLORES Nano]; Peru Posible or PP [Luis SOLARI]; Popular Action or AP [Javier DIAZ Orihuela]; Solucion Popular [Carlos BOLANA]; Somos Peru or SP [Alberto ANDRADE]; Union for Peru or UPP [Roger GUERRA Garcia] Center Party [Jenis A. RANA]; Independence Party [Kari P. HOJGAARD]; People's Party [Anfinn KALLSBERG]; Republican Party [Hogni HOYDAL]; Social Democratic Party [Joannes EIDESGAARD]; Union Party [Kaj Oeo JOHANNESEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders leftist guerrilla groups include Shining Path [Abimael GUZMAN Reynoso (imprisoned), Gabriel MACARIO (top leader at-large)]; Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement or MRTA [Victor POLAY (imprisoned), Hugo AVALLENEDA Valdez (top leader at-large)] NA
Population 28,409,897 (July 2003 est.) 46,962 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 50% (2000 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.61% (2003 est.) 0.62% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Callao, Chimbote, Ilo, Matarani, Paita, Puerto Maldonado, Salaverry, San Martin, Talara, Iquitos, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas


note: Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are all on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries
Torshavn
Radio broadcast stations AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189 (1999) AM 1, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways total: 1,829 km


standard gauge: 1,515 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 314 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)
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Religions Roman Catholic 90% Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate for most requirements


domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Pan American submarine cable
general assessment: good international communications; good domestic facilities


domestic: digitalization was completed in 1998; both NMT (analog) and GSM (digital) mobile telephone systems are installed


international: country code - 298; satellite earth stations - 1 Orion; 1 fiber-optic submarine cable to the Shetland Islands, linking the Faroe Islands with Denmark and Iceland; fiber-optic submarine cable connection to Canada-Europe cable
Telephones - main lines in use 1.8 million (2000) 23,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 504,995 (1998) 30,700 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus 112 repeaters) (1997) 3 (plus 43 low-power repeaters) (September 1995)
Terrain western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva) rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast
Total fertility rate 2.81 children born/woman (2003 est.) 2.2 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.4%; widespread underemployment (2002 est.) 1% (October 2000)
Waterways 8,808 km


note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lago Titicaca
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